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Can Preference Signaling Streamline the Applicant Selection Process?

Jeffrey Melvin1, Luise I Pernar1, Aaron Richman1

  • 1Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston MA; Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston MA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Using preference signaling to screen general surgery residency applicants streamlines the interview process. This method effectively reduced the initial application review workload without significantly altering applicant demographics or quality.

Keywords:
matchpreference signalingrecruitmentresidency applications

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Residency Admissions
  • Applicant Screening

Background:

  • Preference signaling was introduced to general surgery residency applications in 2022.
  • Initially, applicants could use 5 signals, increasing to 15 for the 2025 match cycle.
  • In 2024, programs interviewed applicants beyond those who signaled, indicating broader selection criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of using only preference signals for interview selection on applicant demographics.
  • To compare the characteristics of applicants selected through different screening methods across three match cycles (2023-2025).
  • To determine if a shift to signal-only screening affects the applicant pool's diversity and quality.

Main Methods:

  • A single academic medical center's general surgery residency program reviewed applications holistically.
  • Applicant data (gender, race, medical school region, reviewer score, Step 2 score) were analyzed.
  • Chi-squared and t-tests were used for categorical and continuous variables, respectively; ANOVA compared all three groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant demographic differences were observed in holistically reviewed applicants between 2023, 2024, and 2025.
  • In 2024, no demographic disparities existed between faculty-selected and signal-selected applicants.
  • The 2025 cycle, using only preference signals, resulted in a comparable applicant pool to previous years.

Conclusions:

  • Screening general surgery residency applicants using only preference signals is an efficient method.
  • This approach significantly reduces the initial screening workload.
  • Utilizing preference signals does not negatively impact the diversity or quality of the interviewed applicant pool.