DCTPP1 regulates oxidative stress homeostasis via AUF1 in human villous trophoblasts

Placental trophoblast dysfunction is one of the main causes of missed abortion (MA). The expression and regulation of specific molecules play crucial roles in this complex process. Among these, human deoxycytidine triphosphate pyrophosphatase 1 (DCTPP1), a key enzyme, not only participates in nucleotide metabolism but also plays an indispensable role in maintaining genomic stability. To delve deeper into the mechanism of DCTPP1 in placental trophoblast cell function, we used an immortalized human first-trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line (HTR8/SVneo) as an experimental model for functional studies. A decrease in DCTPP1 expression leads to an increase in oxidative stress and decreased cell viability ultimately leading to apoptosis. Further analysis revealed an interaction between DCTPP1 and the AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1). A decrease of AUF1 induced oxidative stress imbalance, leading to apoptosis in HTR8/SVneo cells. These findings highlight DCTPP1 as a potential biomarker and an effective drug target for the treatment or prevention of MA.