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A Frostbite Treatment Guideline for Pediatric Patients
Jennifer M Schuh1, Emmanuel L Abebrese1, Zachary Morrison1
1Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53212, United States.
Summary
A new guideline standardizes pediatric frostbite treatment. Implementing this multidisciplinary approach, including tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis, reduced amputation rates in severe frostbite cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric critical care medicine
- Emergency medicine
- Pediatric surgery
Background:
- Established guidelines exist for adult frostbite management.
- Standardized treatment protocols for pediatric frostbite are lacking.
- Multidisciplinary consensus is crucial for optimizing pediatric care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe a novel, multidisciplinary consensus guideline for pediatric frostbite management.
- To review cases treated under this guideline at a tertiary children's hospital.
- To establish a framework for evaluating pediatric frostbite treatment options.
Main Methods:
- Development and application of a multidisciplinary consensus guideline in 2019.
- Retrospective review of pediatric frostbite cases (2012-2024).
- Analysis of demographic data, injury severity, hospitalization, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- 72 pediatric patients with frostbite were included.
- Most patients (69) were managed with wound care alone.
- Two of three patients with grade 3 frostbite, treated with thrombolysis post-guideline, avoided amputation, unlike one pre-guideline patient.
Conclusions:
- A multidisciplinary consensus guideline provides a valuable framework for pediatric frostbite management.
- Timely thrombolysis, as per the guideline, may prevent amputation in severe pediatric frostbite.
- Standardized protocols are essential for improving outcomes in pediatric frostbite cases.
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