Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diagnosing Acidosis and Alkalosis01:24

Diagnosing Acidosis and Alkalosis

513
Diagnosing acid-base imbalances involves systematically analyzing arterial blood samples, focusing on three key measurements: pH, bicarbonate (HCO3−) concentration, and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2). This analysis follows a four-step process that helps identify the imbalance's underlying cause and nature.
First, the pH level is assessed to determine whether the blood pH is normal (7.35–7.45), low (acidosis), or high (alkalosis).
Next, the PCO2  and...
513
Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases02:58

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

94.2K
The acid-base reaction class has been studied for quite some time. In 1680, Robert Boyle reported traits of acid solutions that included their ability to dissolve many substances, to change the colors of certain natural dyes, and to lose these traits after coming in contact with alkali (base) solutions. In the eighteenth century, it was recognized that acids have a sour taste, react with limestone to liberate a gaseous substance (now known to be CO2), and interact with alkalis to form neutral...
94.2K
Acid-Base Balance01:25

Acid-Base Balance

1.2K
The human body maintains a narrow pH range regulated through acid-base balance. This balance is crucial as changes in the hydrogen ion concentration can disrupt cell membrane stability, alter protein structures, and change enzyme activities. The normal pH of arterial blood is 7.4, venous blood and interstitial fluid is 7.35, and intracellular fluid averages 7.0.
When the pH of arterial blood rises above 7.45, it results in a condition called alkalosis. Conversely, a drop below 7.35 leads to...
1.2K
Titration of a Weak Acid with a Strong Base01:30

Titration of a Weak Acid with a Strong Base

2.4K
In titrating a weak acid with a strong base, different calculation methods are applied at various stages. Initially, the pH of a weak acid like acetic acid is calculated using its dissociation constant (Ka) and an ICE table. Upon addition of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide, a buffer forms, and its pH is determined using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. As more base is added and the titration reaches the halfway point, the pH becomes equal to the pKa of the acid, indicating equal...
2.4K
Disorders of Acid-Base Balance01:29

Disorders of Acid-Base Balance

845
The human body maintains a precise pH range of arterial blood between 7.35 and 7.45. Deviations result in either acidosis (pH < 7.35) or alkalosis (pH > 7.45). These conditions are further classified as respiratory or metabolic disorders based on their underlying cause.
Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis occurs due to an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide PCO2 in the blood. It often arises from shallow breathing or impaired gas exchange caused by...
845
Acid&#8211;Base Titration: Overview01:26

Acid–Base Titration: Overview

11.1K
An acid-base titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base, using a titrant of known concentration–either a base for acid titration or an acid for base titration. The process involves gradually adding the titrant, leading to a predictable change in the pH of the solution. This change is plotted on a titration curve, showing how a solution's pH varies with the amount of titrant added. Such curves are instrumental in monitoring the...
11.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Histopathological and duplex characteristics of deep venous stents: A novel microsurgical small animal model.

Vascular medicine (London, England)·2026
Same author

Dynamic Bayesian networks to predict loss of kidney function: a cross-institution use case in a large cohort with or at-risk of CKD.

BMC medical informatics and decision making·2026
Same author

Catheter-Directed Fibrinolysis for Pulmonary Embolism: Is It Old NEWS?: June 2026 Annals of Emergency Medicine Journal Club.

Annals of emergency medicine·2026
Same author

A Moment of Silence.

Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·2026
Same author

Does the Timing of USMLE Step 1 Affect Performance? A Comparison of Pre- and Post-Clerkship Timing in the Pass/Fail Era.

Teaching and learning in medicine·2026
Same author

In Stent Re-stenosis Biopsy Findings and Stent Failure Risk Factors in Iliofemoral Venous Stenting: Analysis of 151 Biopsy Samples in 84 Patients and Long Term Outcomes.

European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·2026
Same journal

Response to: "Letter to the Editor Regarding Cervical Spine Clearance in Adult and Pediatric Trauma: A Systematic Review".

The Journal of emergency medicine·2026
Same journal

Ultrasound Characterization of the Distal Thigh Great Saphenous Vein Dimensions in Children and Adults: Implications for Peripheral Rescue Access.

The Journal of emergency medicine·2026
Same journal

A Shadow in the Right Ventricle.

The Journal of emergency medicine·2026
Same journal

Structural Determinants of Telehealth Use Among Patients Presenting to an Urban Safety-Net Emergency Department.

The Journal of emergency medicine·2026
Same journal

Comparison of Over-the-Head and Standard Lateral Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Prospective Crossover Simulation Study.

The Journal of emergency medicine·2026
Same journal

Time-Critical Diagnosis of Pediatric Testicular Torsion in a Tertiary Pediatric Emergency Setting: Integrating Clinical Predictors With Selective Doppler Ultrasound.

The Journal of emergency medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
06:59

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

30.6K

Quantitative Acid-Base: A Simplified Approach for the Emergency Physician.

Rory Spiegel1, David Gordon2, Shane Kappler2

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital, Washington, D.C.; Department of Critical Care, MedStar Washington Hospital, Washington, D.C..

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|August 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emergency clinicians can now better understand acid-base physiology with a simplified quantitative approach. This method requires minimal calculations, making complex acid-base abnormalities more accessible in the Emergency Department.

Keywords:
Acid-baseAcidosisAnion gapCritical careLactate

More Related Videos

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
10:38

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Published on: January 16, 2019

20.4K
Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
06:59

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

30.6K
Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
10:38

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Published on: January 16, 2019

20.4K
Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Medical Education

Background:

  • Acid-base physiology understanding is often lacking in Emergency Medicine.
  • Traditional methods for acid-base assessment are perceived as too complex and time-consuming for the Emergency Department setting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the accessibility and approachability of acid-base physiology for Emergency Physicians.
  • To provide a practical tool for managing acid-base disturbances in emergency care.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a simplified quantitative acid-base model.
  • Utilizing basic chemistry profiles for assessment.

Main Results:

  • The simplified model allows for a general understanding of complex acid-base abnormalities.
  • Minimal calculations are required, making the approach practical for Emergency Department use.

Conclusions:

  • Emergency Physicians can improve their comprehension of patient acid-base physiology using this simplified quantitative model.
  • This approach facilitates better clinical decision-making in managing acid-base disorders.