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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Separation of Avian Preovulatory Follicle Granulosa and Theca Cell Layers for Downstream Applications

Separation of Avian Preovulatory Follicle Granulosa and Theca Cell Layers for Downstream Applications

Published on: October 25, 2024

Age-driven changes in the layer hen reproductive microbiome are associated with lay performance.

Kathryn M Ellwood¹, Ashley E Kramer¹, Aditya Dutta²

¹Department of Animal & Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.

Poultry Science

|August 24, 2025

Summary

The hen ovary harbors a unique microbiome, extending the oviductal microbial continuum. Age-related shifts in reproductive tract microbes impact laying performance, suggesting new targets for improving poultry production.

Keywords:

Layer hen Microbiome Ovary Reproduction

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Area of Science:

Poultry Science
Microbiome Research
Reproductive Biology

Background:

The hen reproductive tract harbors a microbial community crucial for poultry production and food safety.
Previous studies focused on the oviduct, but the hen ovary's microbial ecology remained unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the microbial communities on the hen ovary and oviduct.
To determine how these microbiomes change with hen age and correlate with laying performance.

Main Methods:

16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze ovarian and oviductal microbiomes from mid-lay and post-lay white-leghorn hens.
Microbial shifts were correlated with hen age (9 vs. 18 months) and laying performance.

Main Results:

The hen ovary surface hosts a distinct microbiome, extending the oviductal microbial continuum.
Significant shifts in reproductive tract microbiota were observed with hen age, coinciding with changes in laying efficiency.
Specific bacterial genera (e.g., Acinetobacter, Ligilactobacillus, Bacillus, Akkermansia, Turicibacter) showed age-related abundance changes, potentially influencing hormone metabolism, immunity, and stress response.

Conclusions:

The hen ovary is an active microbial niche influenced by hen age.
Both hormone-associated and mucosal-interactive microbes contribute to variations in laying dynamics.
These findings suggest potential probiotic strategies targeting specific microbial genera to enhance hen fertility and egg production.