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An ancient divergence among the bacteria.

W E Balch, L J Magrum, G E Fox

    Journal of Molecular Evolution
    |August 5, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Methanogenic bacteria, like Methanobacterium ruminantium and Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, show distinct 16S ribosomal RNA sequences. Their divergence suggests an ancient evolutionary split from other bacterial lineages.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Phylogenetics

    Background:

    • Methanogenic bacteria are crucial microorganisms involved in anaerobic digestion.
    • Understanding their evolutionary relationships aids in reconstructing early life on Earth.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the phylogenetic relatedness of two methanogenic bacterial species.
    • To investigate the evolutionary divergence of methanogens from other prokaryotes.

    Main Methods:

    • Characterization of 16S ribosomal RNAs from Methanobacterium ruminantium and Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum.
    • Oligonucleotide fingerprinting following T1 ribonuclease digestion.

    Main Results:

    • Methanobacterium ruminantium and Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum exhibit significant relatedness, supporting their classification within the same genus or family.

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  • These methanogens show limited sequence similarity to typical prokaryotic genera (e.g., Escherichia, Bacillus, Anacystis).

    • Conclusions:

    • Methanogenic bacteria represent a deeply divergent lineage within the bacterial domain.
    • The evolutionary divergence of methanogens predates other major bacterial splits, potentially indicating an ancient phylogenetic event.