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Exploring Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) as a Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Diseases
Shrutika Date1, Lokesh Kumar Bhatt1
1Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
Archiv Der Pharmazie
|August 25, 2025
Summary
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) drives cardiovascular disease (CVD) by promoting oxidative stress and inflammation. Targeting TXNIP offers a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating CVD progression and improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of mortality.
- Oxidative stress is a key factor in CVD pathogenesis.
- Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a critical redox regulator implicated in CVD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of TXNIP in cardiovascular disease progression.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which TXNIP contributes to CVD.
- To explore TXNIP as a potential therapeutic target for CVD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of TXNIP's involvement in CVD.
- Analysis of TXNIP's regulatory functions in oxidative stress and inflammation.
- Examination of signaling pathways influenced by TXNIP in cardiovascular contexts.
Main Results:
- TXNIP acts as a pro-oxidant, disrupting antioxidant function and causing redox imbalance.
- TXNIP activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to IL-1β and IL-18 release and inflammation.
- TXNIP modulates apoptosis and pyroptosis by altering TRX/ASK1 interactions.
- TXNIP regulates key signaling pathways including TXNIP/SIRT1/FOXO1, TXNIP/Redd1, TLR4/NF-κB/TXNIP/NLRP3, and NRF2/TXNIP.
Conclusions:
- TXNIP is a central mediator of oxidative stress and inflammation in CVD.
- TXNIP plays a significant role in vascular damage, endothelial dysfunction, and cell death pathways.
- Targeting TXNIP presents a potential therapeutic avenue for treating cardiovascular diseases.
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