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Race and Privacy in Broadcast Police Communications.

Pranav Narayanan Venkit1, Christopher Graziul2, Miranda Ardith Goodman1

  • 1Pennslylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.

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Summary

Police radios disproportionately focus on Black individuals, increasing privacy risks. This study analyzed Chicago Police Department radio communications to reveal racial disparities in policing and associated privacy vulnerabilities.

Keywords:
Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in collaborative and social computingSecurity and privacy → Human and societal aspects of security and privacybroadcast police communicationlexical analysispolicing disparitiesprivacy vulnerabilityqualitative codingsocial informatics

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Area of Science:

  • Sociotechnical Systems Analysis
  • Criminal Justice Research
  • Communication Studies

Background:

  • Police radios are critical for law enforcement operations, serving as both communication tools and sociotechnical systems.
  • Limited research exists on police radio usage, individual privacy implications, and the role of race in policing.
  • Growing concerns in the US highlight the need to examine these aspects within law enforcement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the Chicago Police Department's (CPD) use of broadcast police communications (BPC) as a case study.
  • To explore racial disparities in policing reflected in BPC.
  • To analyze the mention of sociodemographic characteristics and sensitive information in BPC, assessing privacy risks.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 80,775 hours of CPD BPC data, focusing on 24 hours of transcribed radio transmissions from August 10th, 2018.
  • Examination of transmissions from majority Black, White, and Hispanic areas within Chicago.
  • Comparison of sociodemographic mentions in BPC with local demographics and assessment of sensitive information shared.

Main Results:

  • Policing professionals demonstrated disproportionate attention towards Black members of the public in radio communications.
  • Sociodemographic characteristics (gender, race/ethnicity, age) were primarily mentioned in BPC related to event information.
  • Disproportionate attention in BPC leads to increased privacy risks, particularly for Black individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Broadcast police communications offer a unique lens into law enforcement's disproportionate attention towards specific racial groups.
  • This disproportionate attention heightens privacy vulnerabilities for targeted racial groups, especially Black males.
  • The study underscores the need for further research into the privacy implications of police communication technologies.