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Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Adverse Events Following Shoulder Surgeries: A Systematic Review and
Dimitrios V Papadopoulos1, Athanasios Kontogiannis1, Nikolaos Stavropoulos1
1Second Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Indian Journal of Orthopaedics
|August 25, 2025
Summary
Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of adverse events after shoulder surgery, including rotator cuff repairs and total shoulder arthroplasties. Patients with low vitamin D levels are 1.2 times more likely to experience complications.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Nutritional Science
- Postoperative Care
Background:
- Vitamin D deficiency is a growing concern in orthopaedic surgery.
- Its impact on postoperative outcomes, particularly after shoulder procedures, requires thorough investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased adverse events following rotator cuff repairs (RCR) and total shoulder arthroplasties (TSA).
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort and case-control studies.
- Searched PubMed and SCOPUS databases for studies published up to May 2023.
- Pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for adverse events, including retears and revision surgeries.
Main Results:
- Four studies with over 41,000 subjects were included.
- Vitamin D deficient patients had a 1.23 times higher likelihood of adverse events post-RCR or TSA (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.14-1.34, p < 0.001).
- Subgroup analysis for RCR showed a 1.19 times higher likelihood of adverse events in vitamin D deficient patients (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.09-1.29, p = 0.019).
Conclusions:
- Vitamin D deficiency is linked to higher rates of adverse events after RCR and TSA.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiology of this association.
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