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Bilateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation During Sensorimotor Tasks in People with Subacute Stroke - An Exploratory

Siying Luan1,2, Laura K Fitzgibbin-Colllins3, Sarthak Kohli1,2

  • 1Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Neurorehabilitation
|August 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Post-stroke, prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation during ankle movements showed no significant differences within or between hemispheres. However, PFC interhemispheric asymmetry may correlate with poorer sensorimotor function recovery.

Keywords:
ankle sensorimotorfunctional near-infrared spectroscopyneuroimagingprefrontal cortexsomatosensationstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Post-stroke damage to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) impairs motor control and sensorimotor integration, leading to reduced ankle function.
  • Understanding PFC's role in sensorimotor processing is crucial for stroke recovery.
  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a non-invasive method to assess brain activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation differences during various ankle tasks in stroke survivors using fNIRS.
  • To examine hemispheric differences and interhemispheric asymmetry in PFC activation.
  • To correlate PFC activation patterns with functional outcomes and sensorimotor deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Nine participants underwent fNIRS to measure bilateral PFC hemodynamic responses during active/passive ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion and somatosensory stimulation.
  • Sensorimotor function was evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Lower Extremity (FMLE) assessment.
  • Interhemispheric asymmetry was quantified using a laterality index.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in PFC activation were observed within or between hemispheres across all tested tasks.
  • A potential association was found between PFC interhemispheric asymmetry and the sensory/motor components of the FMLE.
  • Greater asymmetry during passive and somatosensory stimulation correlated with poorer functional outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Ankle sensorimotor functions may not elicit distinct PFC activation levels within a single hemisphere post-stroke.
  • Imbalances in PFC activation between hemispheres, particularly from somatosensory and motor input, might reflect clinical sensorimotor function.
  • Assessing PFC interhemispheric asymmetry could serve as a valuable biomarker for monitoring stroke recovery.