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Personalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Behavioral and Neurophysiologic Outcomes.

Sagarika Bhattacharjee1, Palanimuthu T Sivakumar2, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian2

  • 1Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individualized transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) significantly improved reaction times and neurophysiologic responses compared to fixed-dose tDCS. This personalized approach enhances treatment consistency for neuropsychiatric conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurotechnology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising home-based intervention for neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive enhancement.
  • Current tDCS effectiveness is limited by interindividual variability due to fixed-dose protocols failing to account for anatomical differences.
  • Computational modeling suggests individualized dosing can improve tDCS consistency, but experimental validation is scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the behavioral and neurophysiologic outcomes of fixed-dose versus individualized-dose tDCS.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of personalized tDCS protocols in improving treatment consistency.

Main Methods:

  • A within-participant, double-masked, crossover design study was conducted with 16 adult participants.
  • Participants received three sessions of tDCS: fixed-dose, individualized-dose, and sham stimulation, in a counterbalanced order.
  • Individualized doses were determined using a custom simulation toolbox; behavioral outcomes (reaction time) and neurophysiologic effects (motor-evoked potentials) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Individualized-dose tDCS demonstrated significantly greater reaction time improvements compared to sham stimulation, outperforming fixed-dose tDCS.
  • Lower variability in outcomes was observed with individualized-dose tDCS, indicating enhanced consistency.
  • Sex-stratified analysis revealed that women benefited from both fixed and individualized tDCS, while men showed improvement only with individualized tDCS. Motor-evoked potentials also showed greater amplitude increases with individualized dosing.

Conclusions:

  • Dose-controlled tDCS, particularly individualized dosing, is associated with consistent behavioral and neurophysiologic improvements.
  • This personalized approach holds significant translational importance for optimizing tDCS in treating neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Individualized tDCS converted nonresponders to responders, underscoring its potential to broaden treatment efficacy.