Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 5, 2026

Production of Pseudotyped Particles to Study Highly Pathogenic Coronaviruses in a Biosafety Level 2 Setting
Published on: March 1, 2019
Development and optimisation of influenza C and influenza D pseudotyped viruses
Maria Giovanna Marotta1, Martin Mayora Neto2, Janet Daly3
1Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent and Greenwich Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Abstract:
To facilitate the study of influenza C (ICV) and influenza D (IDV) viruses, we generated lentiviral pseudotyped viruses (PVs) expressing the hemagglutinin-esterase fusion (HEF) glycoprotein from ICV (C/Minnesota/33/2015) and IDV (D/Swine/Italy/199724-3/2015, D/Bovine/France/5920/2014, and D/Bovine/Ibaraki/7768/2016). The production of these PVs was optimised using different amount of human airway trypsin-like (HAT) protease to enhance HEF maturation, and the transduction efficiency was evaluated in multiple cell lines. Using these PVs, we established a pseudovirus-based microneutralisation (pMN) assay to measure neutralising antibody responses and adapted an esterase activity assay to evaluate PV. Specific antisera neutralised PVs but failed to inhibit esterase activity. These findings confirm that ICV and IDV PVs provide a scalable, sensitive, and safe tool for antiviral screening, and sero-epidemiological research.
More Related Videos
08:10Production of High-Titer Infectious Influenza Pseudotyped Particles with Envelope Glycoproteins from Highly Pathogenic H5N1 and Avian H7N9 Viruses
Published on: January 15, 2020
07:15Preparation of Pseudo-Typed H5 Avian Influenza Viruses with Calcium Phosphate Transfection Method and Measurement of Antibody Neutralizing Activity
Published on: November 22, 2021
Related Concept Videos
Viruses with RNA Genomes
Cytomegalovirus Disease