[Expert consensus on hepatocellular carcinoma treated with external beam radiation therapy (2025 edition)]

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in China. As one of the important and effective treatment options, external beam radiation therapy (RT) has been briefly recommended in the "Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines (2024 Edition)". In order to further standardize and guide the clinical implementation of RT for HCC, the Expert consensus on hepatocellular carcinoma treated with external beam radiation therapy (2025 edition) was developed by the Chinese Association of Liver Cancer of Chinese Medical Doctor Association through multiple rounds of discussion. This expert consensus covers the five key elements of RT: purpose and benefits of RT, target area and dose, RT techniques, combination with other treatments, and post-RT follow-up, comprising a total of 10 recommendations. It aims to familiarize clinicians with and standardize the use of RT for HCC, thereby improving the effectiveness of RT and reducing side effects.