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Differences in the Pain Score Evaluation of the Nurse, Mother and Child During Peripheral Vascular Access
1Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Türkiye.
Insights
Children reported higher pain during intravenous access than mothers or nurses. Pain perception varied significantly between children, mothers, and nurses, highlighting assessment challenges.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nursing
- Pain Management
- Child Psychology
Background:
- Children frequently experience pain during medical procedures like intravenous access.
- Accurate pain assessment is crucial for effective pain management in children.
- Discrepancies in pain reporting can impede appropriate interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the agreement between children, mothers, and nurses in reporting pain during intravenous access.
- To identify differences in pain perception among these three groups.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive study involving 307 children (aged 3-6 years) and their mothers.
- Utilized the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale for pain assessment.
- Employed statistical tests including Cohen's kappa to analyze concordance.
Main Results:
- Children reported the highest average pain scores (4.21), followed by mothers (3.56) and nurses (3.18).
- No significant agreement was found between child-mother, child-nurse, or mother-nurse pain ratings (p > 0.05).
- A notable percentage of children (18.9%) had prior experience with intravenous access.
Conclusions:
- Children's self-reported pain during intravenous access is perceived as higher than reported by mothers or nurses.
- Significant disparities exist in pain assessment among children, mothers, and healthcare providers.
- These findings underscore the complexity of pediatric pain assessment and the need for tailored approaches.
Background:
Children may experience pain due to medical procedures. Pain has short-term and long-term negative effects on children. Therefore, accurate assessment of pain is key to appropriate intervention. This study was conducted to determine the concordance or differences between pain reported by the child, mother and nurse during intravenous access.
Aims:
The aim of this study was to determine agreement or differences between child, mother and nurse-reported pain during intravenous access.
Method:
This descriptive study was conducted with 307 children aged 3-6 years and their mothers. Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale and Data Collection Form were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis and Cohen's kappa tests were used to evaluate the data.
Results:
The children had a mean age of 4.72 ± 1.11 years, and 18.9% (n = 58) had prior experience with intravenous access. The average number of vascular accesses last year was found to be 1.66 ± 0.80 times. The average pain assessment scores reported by the child, mother and nurse were 4.21 ± 0.84, 3.56 ± 1.62 and 3.18 ± 0.80, respectively. In pairwise comparisons, it was found that there was no agreement between mother and child, nurse and child and mother and nurse (p > 0.05).
Conclusion:
During intravenous access, the highest pain assessment scores were reported by children, parents and nurses, respectively. This situation revealed that the perceived pain level differed depending on the assessor.
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