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Effects of sitting posture and duration on lumbosacral nerve root function: A case-control study.

Hamad S Al Amer1, Shahul Hameed Pakkir Mohamed1, Sharon L Olson2

  • 1Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation
|August 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Slouched sitting reduces spinal stress and nerve root compression, unlike erect or slumped postures. Prolonged sitting may compress lumbosacral nerve roots, potentially causing low back pain.

Keywords:
H-reflexischial pressurelumbosacral spineoccupational healthsitting posturespinal loading

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Ergonomics

Background:

  • Prolonged sitting and poor posture are linked to low back pain.
  • Understanding the biomechanical effects on lumbosacral nerve roots is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different sitting postures and prolonged sitting affect lumbosacral nerve root function.
  • To measure the soleus (SOL) Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) amplitude as an indicator of nerve function.

Main Methods:

  • 30 healthy individuals were divided into prolonged (≥6h/day) and control (≤4h/day) sitting groups.
  • SOL H-reflex amplitude and ischial pressure were recorded in erect, slumped, slouched, and supine positions.
  • Spinal loading was assessed via ischial pressure measurements.

Main Results:

  • Slouched sitting reduced ischial pressure and increased H-reflex amplitude, similar to the supine position.
  • Erect and slumped postures increased ischial pressure and significantly reduced H-reflex amplitudes.
  • The prolonged sitting group showed significantly lower SOL H-reflex amplitudes than the control group.

Conclusions:

  • Sitting posture and duration differentially impact the lumbosacral spine and nerve roots.
  • Slouched sitting appears to decrease spinal stress and nerve root compression.
  • Extended sitting may contribute to low back pain through lumbosacral nerve root compression.