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This study introduces a new spatial coherence model for active sonar, improving upon the van Cittert-Zernike theorem for broadband, bistatic applications. The model enhances acoustic signal analysis in complex environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Signal Processing
  • Wave Physics

Background:

  • Spatial coherence is crucial in active sonar.
  • The van Cittert-Zernike theorem (vCZT) is a standard model but has limitations for bistatic sonar.
  • Existing models do not adequately address broadband, bistatic active sonar scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a spatial coherence model for rough interface scattering in broadband, bistatic active sonar.
  • To extend the principles of the vCZT to overcome its limitations in specific sonar geometries and bandwidths.
  • To provide a more accurate model for acoustic signal analysis in complex, non-monostatic environments.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new spatial coherence model building on vCZT principles.
  • Removed monostatic assumptions to accommodate bistatic geometries.
  • Incorporated frequency-dependent parameters for wide bandwidth applications.
  • Experimentally validated the model with an in-air scattering experiment.

Main Results:

  • The developed model accurately describes spatial coherence in broadband, bistatic scattering.
  • Experimental validation confirmed the model's effectiveness.
  • The model offers improved performance over the vCZT in the studied scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • The new model effectively addresses spatial coherence in broadband, bistatic active sonar.
  • This work provides a valuable tool for analyzing acoustic signals in challenging environments.
  • Further research can extend the model's applicability and explore advanced features.