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Mixotrophy for carbon-conserving waste upcycling.

Michael Weldon1, Christian Euler1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

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Cupriavidus necator can convert waste streams into valuable chemicals. This study shows hydrogen and ethylene glycol can power this process, enabling carbon-neutral or carbon-negative waste upcycling.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Modern chemical manufacturing is unsustainable, necessitating alternative production routes.
  • Electrochemical and biological processes show promise for upgrading waste streams like CO2 and plastic waste.
  • Upcycling waste faces challenges due to heterogeneity and high energy demands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To uncover constraints on carbon-conservative chemical transformation using Cupriavidus necator.
  • To systematically examine carbon yield and thermodynamic feasibility of mixotrophic scenarios.
  • To evaluate carbon-carbon mixotrophic scenarios for waste upcycling.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic examination of carbon yield and thermodynamic feasibility.
  • Evaluation of mixotrophic scenarios combining waste-derived carbon sources with hydrogen oxidation.
  • Assessment of carbon-carbon mixotrophic scenarios using alternative carbon sources for electron supply.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogen and ethylene glycol are feasible electron sources for carbon-neutral or carbon-negative mixotrophic upgrading of acetate or butyrate.
  • Carbon conservation is likely infeasible for most other waste-derived carbon sources.
  • Identified constraints and feasible pathways for waste upcycling using C. necator.

Conclusions:

  • Cupriavidus necator offers a flexible platform for waste valorization.
  • Specific electron donors like hydrogen and ethylene glycol enable carbon-efficient waste upcycling.
  • This research provides a roadmap for developing C. necator strains for sustainable chemical production.