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The electron transport chain (ETC) is a crucial metabolic pathway that facilitates energy conversion in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotes, the ETC comprises four membrane-associated protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the ETC in the plasma membrane can vary in composition, with fewer or different complexes depending on the organism and environmental conditions. These complexes transfer electrons from electron donors, such as NADH and FADH2, to...
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Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Sensitivity to Na+ Reveals Partially Segmented Functional CoQ Pools
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Hijacking the Electron Train: Menaquinone-Binding Antimicrobial Peptides.

Eilidh J Matheson1, Stephen A Cochrane1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.

Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology
|August 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antibiotic resistance is a major threat. Targeting menaquinone (MK) with menaquinone-binding antimicrobial peptides (MBAMPs) offers a novel strategy against resistant bacteria, with recent advances in their discovery and development.

Keywords:
antibioticsantimicrobial peptidesmenaquinonenon‐ribosomal peptidespolyprenyls

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance poses a critical global health threat, necessitating the urgent development of new antimicrobial agents and therapeutic targets.
  • Menaquinone (MK), a bacterial electron carrier, represents a promising and selective target for novel antibiotics due to its essential role in bacterial electron transport.
  • Menaquinone-binding antimicrobial peptides (MBAMPs) have emerged as a potential new class of antibiotics, distinct from existing drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the field of MBAMPs.
  • To highlight the discovery, characterization, synthesis, and mechanistic understanding of MBAMPs.
  • To underscore the potential of MBAMPs in combating antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on MBAMPs.
  • Analysis of studies detailing the discovery and characterization of natural and synthetic MBAMPs.
  • Examination of research on the synthesis, derivatization, and mechanistic actions of MBAMPs.

Main Results:

  • Several MBAMPs, including lysocin E, have been identified and characterized.
  • Advances in synthetic chemistry have enabled the creation and modification of MBAMPs.
  • A growing understanding of MBAMP mechanisms provides insights into their antimicrobial activity.

Conclusions:

  • MBAMPs represent a promising new avenue for antibiotic development against resistant pathogens.
  • Further research into MBAMPs is crucial for realizing their therapeutic potential.
  • Targeting menaquinone offers a selective strategy to overcome existing antibiotic resistance mechanisms.