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Development of a Theory-Based mHealth App for Fatigue Management in Lupus: Human-Centered Design Approach.

Anna Deck1, Kiran Singh2, Paula Caras1

  • 1School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.

JMIR Formative Research
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PubMed
Summary

This study developed a mobile health app using human-centered design to help systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients manage fatigue through physical activity. The app, grounded in behavior change theory, was well-received by users, showing promise for digital health interventions.

Keywords:
behavior change theorybehavioral interventiondigital healthfatiguehuman-centered designmHealthquality of lifesystemic lupus erythematosus

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health Interventions
  • Behavior Change Theory
  • Human-Centered Design

Background:

  • Fatigue is a prevalent and debilitating symptom in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • Nonpharmacologic approaches like physical activity interventions show promise but are resource-intensive.
  • Mobile health (mHealth) offers a scalable solution for delivering behavioral interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an mHealth app for fatigue self-management in SLE patients.
  • To promote physical activity through a theory-grounded behavioral intervention.
  • To utilize human-centered design (HCD) for app development.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a human-centered design (HCD) approach with two phases: inspiration and ideation.
  • Identified user needs through focus groups and refined prototypes via interviews and surveys.
  • Integrated self-determination theory and social cognitive theory into the app's design.

Main Results:

  • Key user priorities included symptom tracking, educational content, social connection, and reminders.
  • The app prototype received favorable ratings, with high likelihood of use reported by participants.
  • User feedback emphasized community, accessibility, customization, integration, and motivational messaging.

Conclusions:

  • An mHealth app tailored to SLE patients' needs was developed using HCD and behavior change theory.
  • Iterative refinement with end-user engagement enhanced app usability and addressed key priorities.
  • This study provides a model for developing rigorous digital health interventions for chronic conditions.