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2D PT-symmetric nonlinear couplers: Stability and power dynamics in sinusoidal system
Jaseera Chilappurath1,2, Aysha Muhsina K1
1Department of Physics, Government Arts and Science College, Kozhikode 673018, Kerala, India.
Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)
|August 26, 2025
Summary
This study reveals how imaginary potentials affect beam stability in parity-time (PT)-symmetric systems. Solitons are stable below a threshold but become unstable above it, altering beam dynamics and power transfer.
Area of Science:
- Nonlinear optics
- Quantum mechanics
- Mathematical physics
Background:
- Parity-time (PT)-symmetric systems offer unique properties for wave propagation.
- Nonlinear coupled systems are crucial for understanding complex optical phenomena.
- Imaginary potentials introduce gain and loss, significantly impacting system dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the stability and power dynamics of beams in a 2D PT-symmetric cubic nonlinear sinusoidal coupled system.
- To analyze the influence of varying imaginary potentials on soliton behavior.
- To determine the stability thresholds and characterize soliton dynamics in different PT-symmetric phases.
Main Methods:
- Eigenvalue analysis to determine stability.
- Examination of phase angles for mode synchronization.
- Analysis of eigenfunctions, Poynting vector, and power exchange.
- Characterization of soliton waveforms and amplitude fluctuations.
Main Results:
- Solitons are stable below the threshold potential, showing periodic power oscillations and symmetric waveforms.
- Above the threshold, instabilities arise, leading to asymmetric eigenfunctions and irregular amplitude fluctuations.
- The transition from stable to unstable phases is marked by waveform distortion and altered power transfer.
- Oscillation frequency is influenced by the gain/loss balance, affecting energy transfer.
Conclusions:
- Nonlinearity, coupling strength, and imaginary potential are critical factors for soliton stability in PT-symmetric systems.
- The study provides insights into optical beam propagation and nonlinear wave control.
- Understanding these dynamics is essential for designing advanced optical devices and systems.
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