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Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes
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Scale-invariant dissipation underlies enzyme catalytic performance.

Davor Juretić1, Branka Bruvo Mađarić2

  • 1Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000, Split, Croatia.

Bio Systems
|August 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biological evolution actively harnesses energy dissipation in enzyme catalysis. Power-law relationships reveal scale-invariant principles governing enzyme efficiency and dissipation across diverse enzymes.

Keywords:
ATP synthaseCatalytic constantCatalytic efficiencyCyclophilinsDissipationEvolutionOptimal parametersScaling lawsSpecialized enzymes

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Biochemistry
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • The role of energy dissipation in biological evolution is debated.
  • Enzymes are crucial catalysts in biological systems, but their energetic costs are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify energy dissipation in enzyme catalysis.
  • To investigate the relationship between dissipation and enzyme kinetics.
  • To explore the evolutionary implications of energy dissipation in enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized minimalistic models of enzyme kinetics.
  • Employed a complete set of microscopic rate constants.
  • Analyzed scale-invariant relationships across various enzymes.

Main Results:

  • Identified a power-law proportionality between dissipated energy and kinetic parameters (catalytic and specificity constants).
  • Demonstrated scale-invariant relationships across different enzyme classes, biological domains, and engineered enzymes.
  • Observed that specialized enzymes exhibit higher catalytic efficiency and greater energy dissipation.

Conclusions:

  • Biological evolution actively harnesses and regulates energy dissipation, rather than merely tolerating it.
  • Scale-independent organizational principles govern enzyme catalysis, unifying physical and biological evolutionary processes.
  • Enzyme function emerges from adaptive processes constrained by environmental and functional demands.