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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Pedicle Screw Placement Using an Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Display in a Porcine Model
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Augmented reality-guided pedicle screw fixation: an experimental study.

Sang-Min Park1, Dongjoon Kim2, Jiwon Park3

  • 1Spine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

Asian Spine Journal
|August 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel augmented reality-assisted pedicle screw fixation system demonstrated high accuracy in a porcine spine model. This technology shows potential for enhancing precision in spinal instrumentation procedures.

Keywords:
Augmented realityHead-mounted displayPedicle screw fixationPorcine cadaver spine

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Area of Science:

  • Spine Surgery
  • Medical Technology
  • Surgical Navigation

Background:

  • Conventional pedicle screw placement has limitations including inaccuracy and radiation exposure.
  • Augmented reality (AR) can overlay virtual surgical plans onto the operative field, maintaining surgeon focus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of a custom augmented reality-assisted pedicle screw fixation (ARPSF) system.
  • To assess ARPSF system performance in a porcine spine model.

Main Methods:

  • Five porcine lumbar spines underwent pedicle screw placement using a custom AR system with a head-mounted display.
  • Fifty pedicle screws were placed by an experienced surgeon, with accuracy assessed by CT scans and Gertzbein-Robbins classification.
  • Registration utilized point-pair matching with 15 anatomical landmarks.

Main Results:

  • 94% of pedicle screws (47/50) achieved Grade A accuracy (complete containment).
  • 3% of screws (3/50) were Grade B (minor breaches <2mm); no unsafe placements occurred.
  • Mean entry point deviation was 0.55 mm, tip deviation was 0.71 mm, and angular deviation was 2.04°.

Conclusions:

  • The custom ARPSF system demonstrated high accuracy and submillimeter precision in pedicle screw placement.
  • The system achieved minimal angular deviation, indicating potential for enhanced spinal instrumentation.
  • This study highlights the potential of AR technology to improve accuracy in spine surgery.