Organizational Perspectives on the Public Charge Rule and Health Care Access for Latino Immigrants in California

To examine how mis- and disinformation about the Public Charge Ground of Inadmissibility final rule ("public charge rule") influences health care access for Latino immigrants in California as seen through the perspectives of leaders in health-serving organizations.

This qualitative study included semi-structured interviews with healthcare and community-based organizational leaders serving Latino immigrants in California. Viswanath et al.'s structural influence model of communication and equity guided the analyses and interpretation of the findings.

Between May 2024 and April 2025, primary data were collected from 31 organizations, resulting in 32 semi-structured interviews with 38 participants. Interviews were conducted via Zoom and transcribed verbatim. Researchers coded the data based on recurring themes using Dedoose software.

Participants identified the public charge rule as a significant barrier to health care access for Latino immigrants. The policy has discouraged many Latinos from accessing public benefits, particularly the state's Medicaid and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. In addition, immigrants' trusted sources of information (e.g., family, friends, and attorneys) were often misinformed about the policy, which amplified confusion and fear. Organizations respond by providing accurate information and connecting individuals with reliable resources to clarify that using public benefits would not necessarily result in being classified as a public charge. However, most efforts focused on education rather than directly countering mis- and disinformation.

Healthcare and community-based organizations offer unique perspectives as trusted intermediaries who help Latino immigrant families navigate health care and public benefits. Their close daily interactions reveal how misinformation about the public charge rule deters families from accessing essential services and makes it more challenging for organizations to fulfill their missions. These insights underscore the need for culturally responsive outreach and policy solutions that address information gaps and the climate of fear affecting community health.