Natural protection against oxidative stress in human skin melanocytes

Human skin plays a crucial role in protecting the body against environmental stressors. The skin cells involved in photoprotection are melanocytes responsible for the synthesis of melanin and contributing to the pigmentation and photoprotection of the body, but also susceptible to oxidative stress and its consequences. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the unique functions of melanocytes, highlighting their vulnerability to oxidative stress. There is a wide spectrum of natural compounds that can support antioxidant effectiveness and, consequently, melanocytes redox balance. Essential vitamins, such as E, A and C, as well as polyphenols and melatonin contribute to the neutralization of ROS and support cellular repair mechanisms. Phytocannabinoids demonstrate anti-inflammatory/antioxidative effects based on specific receptors activation. These natural compounds offer potential protective strategies to maintain the redox homeostasis of melanocytes in conditions of potential pathologies, preventing the development of diseases, including cancer, but also therapeutic effects in pathological conditions.