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Updated: Sep 10, 2025
04:23
A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
Published on: April 28, 2019
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Dengue virus: structure, genome, evolution and challenges to control and prevent transmission
Khalida Umar1, Tanisha Sutradhar1, P Prakash1
1Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
|August 26, 2025
Summary
Dengue virus (DENV) causes severe illness and mortality, with four serotypes complicating control. Emerging strains and environmental factors like climate change increase global outbreaks, necessitating enhanced surveillance and integrated strategies.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Dengue virus (DENV) poses a significant global health challenge, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and causing mild to severe disease, including dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome.
- The virus has four serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4) and undergoes rapid genetic evolution, hindering vaccine development and effective disease control measures.
- Increasing global outbreaks are linked to environmental factors such as global warming and urbanization, which exacerbate mosquito vector spread and challenge existing control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structural and genomic characteristics of DENV.
- To emphasize DENV's evolutionary pressures, immune evasion strategies, and the emergence of new strains.
- To highlight the impact of environmental factors and emerging strains on public health and disease severity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on DENV's genomic and structural features.
- Analysis of evolutionary pressures and immune evasion mechanisms.
- Examination of epidemiological data related to outbreaks, environmental factors, and diagnostic challenges.
Main Results:
- DENV's rapid genetic evolution and adaptation to host and environmental factors contribute to increased outbreaks.
- Environmental changes like global warming and urbanization facilitate DENV spread, complicating vector control.
- Diagnostic methods have varying sensitivity, and there's a lack of effective antiviral drugs and universal vaccines.
Conclusions:
- Genomic surveillance and integrated control strategies are essential for managing new DENV variants.
- Understanding the societal impact of emerging dengue strains and environmental co-factors is critical for effective public health interventions.
- Urgent development of effective antiviral therapies and broadly protective vaccines is needed to combat the growing threat of dengue.
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