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What is the best first-line combination regimen for advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: a network
Chuang Yang1, Yunfei Wang1, Yiyong Sun2
1Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Background:
Despite significant survival improvements from third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), almost all patients eventually develop resistance. Currently, some studies have confirmed that combination therapy regimens based on third-generation EGFR-TKIs can further enhance efficacy. However, it remains unknown which specific combination regimen is more effective.
Methods:
Randomized clinical trials comparing combination treatments involving third-generation EGFR-TKIs vs. EGFR-TKI single agent for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients were included. The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Subgroup analyses were also conducted.
Results:
The study encompassed 5 trials, involving 1791 patients. The combination of osimertinib with chemotherapy and with ramucirumab, as well as the combination of lazertinib with amivantamab, have been shown to significantly improve PFS compared to osimertinib monotherapy. The combination of osimertinib with chemotherapy and the combination of lazertinib with amivantamab resulted in a significantly higher incidence of TRAEs compared to osimertinib monotherapy and other combination regimens. Osimertinib with chemotherapy showed better PFS in almost all the subgroup analyses. In patients with brain metastases, osimertinib plus chemotherapy appeared to offer clinical benefits over other treatment strategies, although statistical significance was only observed in comparison with osimertinib monotherapy.
Conclusion:
This network meta-analysis suggests osimertinib plus pemetrexed-based chemotherapy as the only regimen demonstrating PFS benefits in the whole cohort and almost all the subgroup analyses, making it the optimal treatment for patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Given the higher incidence of grade ≥3 TRAEs, careful consideration is needed in clinical practice.
Systematic Review Registration:
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier, CRD42024579401.
Insights
Osimertinib plus chemotherapy is the most effective treatment for advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer, improving progression-free survival. Careful monitoring for treatment-related adverse events is recommended.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Trials
Background:
- Third-generation EGFR-TKIs improve survival in advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
- Resistance to EGFR-TKIs is a significant clinical challenge.
- Optimal combination therapy for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of combination regimens with third-generation EGFR-TKIs against single-agent therapy.
- To identify the most effective combination strategy for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
- To evaluate secondary outcomes including overall survival and adverse events.
Main Methods:
- Network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
- Inclusion of trials comparing third-generation EGFR-TKIs combination therapy vs. monotherapy.
- Primary endpoint: progression-free survival (PFS); Secondary endpoints: overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs).
Main Results:
- Five trials involving 1791 patients were analyzed.
- Osimertinib plus chemotherapy and lazertinib plus amivantamab significantly improved PFS versus osimertinib monotherapy.
- Osimertinib plus chemotherapy demonstrated PFS benefits across most subgroups, including patients with brain metastases.
Conclusions:
- Osimertinib plus pemetrexed-based chemotherapy is the optimal regimen for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC, showing PFS benefits in the overall cohort and subgroups.
- Combination therapies, particularly osimertinib with chemotherapy, are associated with a higher incidence of TRAEs.
- Clinical practice requires careful consideration of the benefit-risk profile of combination therapies.
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