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B10 cell-induced PD-L1/PD-1-linked macrophage polarization in periodontitis
Linxi Zhou1,2,3, Mingyue Fan4, Lunguo Xia1,2
1Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Journal of Translational Internal Medicine
|August 27, 2025
Summary
B10 cells suppress periodontitis by regulating macrophage polarization through PD-L1/PD-1 signaling, reducing inflammation and bone loss. This finding offers a new therapeutic approach for periodontitis treatment.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Periodontology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease causing tissue destruction.
- Macrophages are key immune cells in periodontitis.
- B10 cells possess immunosuppressive properties vital for periodontal immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how B10 cells influence macrophage polarization in periodontitis.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanism involving PD-L1/PD-1 signaling.
- To assess the therapeutic potential of B10 cells in periodontitis.
Main Methods:
- Co-culture of B10 cells and macrophages (RAW264.7 cells).
- Assessment of M2 macrophage proportion and PD-1 expression via flow cytometry and qPCR.
- In vivo studies using periodontitis model mice with B10 cells and PD-L1 knockout B10 cells.
Main Results:
- Direct co-culture increased M2 macrophages and PD-1 expression.
- B10 cells induced M2 polarization via PD-L1/PD-1 signaling.
- In vivo, B10 cells reduced inflammation, bone resorption, and osteoclast activity.
Conclusions:
- B10 cells regulate macrophage polarization through PD-L1/PD-1 signaling.
- This pathway suppresses inflammation and reduces alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.
- This offers a novel therapeutic strategy for periodontitis.
