Diabetes management: Self-management education and support program evaluations in Jeddah, KSA

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Public Health
• Diabetes Mellitus Research

Background:

• Effective diabetes management relies on education and self-management skills.
• Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) are vital for patient learning and improved outcomes.
• Insufficient education poses a significant challenge to adherence in diabetes self-management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess self-care management practices among patients with diabetes mellitus in Jeddah, KSA.
• To evaluate the current standard of care for diabetes self-management in the region.
• To identify knowledge gaps and areas for improvement in diabetes self-care.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from December 2023 to April 2024.
• Participants were adults (18+) with diabetes at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah.
• Data collected included demographics, disease characteristics, and diabetes self-care activities using a revised Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire.

Main Results:

• 70% had adequate knowledge of hyperglycemia management, but only 45% understood medication adjustment during illness.
• Low physical activity levels were reported, with 60% engaging in minimal exercise.
• Higher self-management scores correlated with more frequent healthcare provider interactions.

Conclusions:

• Patients with diabetes in KSA demonstrate moderate knowledge but have specific gaps in illness management.
• Targeted educational interventions are recommended, especially for young and newly diagnosed individuals.
• Improving education is key to enhancing self-care practices and overall health outcomes for diabetes patients.