Seroepidemiology of rubella in Bahrain

Although the Ministry of Health of the State of Bahrain has set priorities for vaccination against a number of communicable diseases including the six target diseases of the Expanded Program of Immunization, no such policy for rubella immunization exists. The incidence of rubella in Bahrain is not precisely known nor is the magnitude of the problem of Congenital Rubella Syndrome. A survey of schoolchildren and primigravidae attending antenatal clinics was undertaken in Bahrain to determine the level of natural immunity against rubella in these groups, which we hope would help us in formulating a vaccination policy. We have found that 67.8% of the 6-7 year old children are susceptible to rubella and that by the age of 18 years susceptibility drops to 10.4%. The decrease in susceptibility was significant until the age of 14 years after which the change became minimal. Efforts should ideally be focused on immunizing all susceptible females before they get married. However, at present, it would be more economical to vaccinate all girls premaritally than to screen and vaccinate those susceptible. When a cheaper screening test for assessing immunity against rubella becomes available, a policy of premarital and post-partum screening followed by vaccination of susceptibles should be put into practice.