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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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Visualization of Vascular Inflammation Using Diffusion-Weighted Whole-Body Imaging with Background Body Signal

Ayaka Ohno1, Kenjuro Higo1, Sawako Hiwatari1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan.

Annals of Vascular Diseases
|August 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression aids in diagnosing fever of unknown origin. This technique successfully identified infectious aortitis in a patient, demonstrating its value in vasculitis diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

Keywords:
imaging diagnosisinfective aortitiswhole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS)

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Fever of unknown origin (FUO) diagnosis often requires advanced imaging techniques.
  • Diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) is utilized for FUO evaluation.
  • Post-surgical complications, such as infections, can present as FUO.

Observation:

  • An 86-year-old male with a history of bile duct cancer and jejunostomy presented with a high fever (40°C).
  • Blood cultures identified *Escherichia coli* as the causative agent.
  • DWIBS revealed abnormal signal accumulation in the aortic arch.

Findings:

  • Infectious aortitis secondary to retrograde cholangitis was diagnosed based on clinical presentation and DWIBS findings.
  • Antibiotic treatment led to the resolution of the aortic arch abnormality, as confirmed by follow-up imaging.
  • DWIBS proved effective in identifying the source of infection and guiding treatment.

Implications:

  • DWIBS is a valuable tool for diagnosing infectious aortitis and other forms of vasculitis.
  • This imaging modality can effectively assess treatment response in patients with infectious vascular conditions.
  • Early diagnosis and targeted treatment, facilitated by DWIBS, can improve patient outcomes in complex post-surgical cases.