Conjunctivitis secondary to novel systemic dermatologic agents: a growing concern.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Novel systemic therapies, including interleukin (IL)-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies and Janus kinase-STAT (JAK-STAT) inhibitors, have transformed atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis management.
• These advanced treatments, while effective for skin conditions, are increasingly linked to ocular surface adverse events.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge on ocular surface side effects associated with new systemic treatments for AD and psoriasis.
• To highlight the spectrum of ocular complications and their management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on ocular side effects of novel systemic therapies for AD and psoriasis.
• Analysis of reported ocular adverse events, particularly conjunctivitis, associated with agents like dupilumab, tralokinumab, upadacitinib, and abrocitinib.

Main Results:

• Conjunctivitis is a prominent ocular side effect, with dupilumab-induced cases being most documented.
• Emerging data indicates varying ocular safety profiles among different systemic agents.
• Early clinical recognition and grading of ocular inflammation are crucial for effective management, often with topical anti-inflammatory treatments.

Conclusions:

• Ocular surface complications are a significant concern with the growing use of novel systemic dermatologic therapies.
• Multidisciplinary collaboration and heightened awareness are essential to mitigate risks of vision-threatening outcomes.
• Further research is required to understand the pathophysiology and optimize treatments for both skin and ocular health.