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Caffeine Was Associated With Shorter Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment for Infants up to Eight Weeks Old

Manon Casabianca1, David Akouka1, Linda Maman2

  • 1Paediatric Emergency Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|August 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Caffeine administration in infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis significantly reduced the need for nutritional support and shortened the duration of respiratory support. This pilot study suggests caffeine may be a beneficial intervention for infants with bronchiolitis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Bronchiolitis is a primary cause of infant hospitalization.
  • Current treatment options for bronchiolitis are limited.
  • Caffeine is known to stimulate respiratory function in infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of caffeine on infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis.
  • To assess adverse events and the need for ventilatory and nutritional support.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study conducted in two Paris hospitals.
  • Recruited 186 infants up to 8 weeks old.
  • Compared outcomes between infants who received caffeine and those who did not.

Main Results:

  • Caffeine group required significantly less nutritional support (p < 0.001).
  • Shorter duration of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the caffeine group (4.1 days vs. 7.1 days, p = 0.003).
  • Caffeine was well tolerated with no significant adverse events reported.

Conclusions:

  • Caffeine administration reduced CPAP duration and nutritional support needs in infants with bronchiolitis.
  • Potential direct effect on the digestive system or overall improvement.
  • Results warrant confirmation through randomized controlled trials.
Abstract

Keywords:
bronchiolitiscaffeinecontinuous positive airway pressureinfantnutritional support

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