Building and strengthening physical activity identity: a theory-informed user-guide

Area of Science:

• Health Psychology
• Behavioral Science
• Self-Identity Research

Background:

• Physical activity identity, the perception of oneself as physically active, strongly predicts engagement in physical activity.
• However, the developmental pathways and strengthening mechanisms of physical activity identity remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

• To critically review existing models and identify key inputs for developing and strengthening physical activity identity.
• To provide a theory-informed framework for future research and practical interventions.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across physical activity identity, health psychology, behavior change, and self-related constructs.
• Content analysis was used to identify and categorize candidate antecedents of physical activity identity from relevant theoretical models.

Main Results:

• Nine common inputs for physical activity identity were identified, categorized as behavioral (physical activity, self-regulation, investment), cognitive (perceived ability, imaginal experiences, rules/standards, goal/value alignment), and social (attachment ties, social appraisals).
• Each input was linked to existing theoretical models, with research considered and practical strategies proposed.

Conclusions:

• Physical activity identity is influenced by a combination of behavioral, cognitive, and social factors.
• Understanding these inputs provides a foundation for developing targeted strategies to enhance physical activity identity and promote sustained physical activity behavior.