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Recent Progress in Electrocatalysts for Hydroquinone Electrochemical Sensing Application.

Mohammad Aslam¹, Khursheed Ahmad², Saood Ali³

¹School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.

|August 27, 2025

Summary

This review details hydroquinone (HQ) electrochemical sensors fabricated with modified electrodes. Various materials like metal oxides and carbon-based composites enhance sensor performance for detecting toxic substances.

Keywords:

biosensors composites electrochemical sensors hydroquinone

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Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Materials Science
Sensor Technology

Background:

Electrochemical sensors are vital for detecting biomolecules and toxic substances.
Electrode materials (electrocatalysts) significantly influence sensor performance.
Hydroquinone (HQ) detection is crucial due to its toxicity and biological relevance.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and compile fabrication methods for hydroquinone (HQ) electrochemical sensors.
To analyze the role of various modified electrode materials in HQ sensing.
To discuss the electrochemical performance and future prospects of HQ sensors.

Main Methods:

Compilation of existing literature on HQ electrochemical sensor fabrication.
Analysis of diverse electrode materials including metal oxides, MXenes, carbon-based materials (rGO, CNTs), LDH, metal sulfides, and hybrid composites.
Evaluation of sensor performance metrics: limit of detection, linearity, sensitivity, selectivity, stability, reproducibility, and recovery.

Main Results:

Extensive utilization of various modified electrodes, including metal oxides, MXenes, rGO, CNTs, LDH, metal sulfides, and hybrid composites for HQ sensor fabrication.
Detailed discussion on the electrochemical performance of these sensors for real-time HQ detection.
Identification of key factors influencing sensor sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.

Conclusions:

Modified electrodes are critical for developing high-performance HQ electrochemical sensors.
Current challenges and limitations in HQ sensor technology are highlighted.
Future research directions focus on novel materials and improved sensor designs for enhanced detection capabilities.