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The Correlations Between Diabetes Mellitus and Oro-Maxillofacial Disorders: A Statistical Perspective
Ionut Catalin Botezatu1, Mihaela Salceanu2, Ana Emanuela Botez1
1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iași, Romania.
Dentistry Journal
|August 27, 2025
Summary
Diabetes significantly increases the risk of oral pathologies, including malignant tumors and periodontal disease. Early screening and preventive care are crucial for diabetic patients to manage these oral health risks.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease with known oral health implications.
- Understanding the specific prevalence and distribution of oro-maxillofacial pathologies in diabetic patients is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and distribution of oro-maxillofacial pathologies in patients with diabetes mellitus.
- To establish the correlation between diabetes mellitus and oro-maxillofacial disorders.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 6868 patients from an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department (2018-2024).
- Analysis of qualitative data using Chi-square test and quantitative data using Student's T-test.
- Calculation of Odds Ratio (OR) and Relative Risk (RR) for oro-maxillofacial pathologies.
Main Results:
- Diabetic patients showed a 5.29 times higher risk of malignant tumors (15.0% vs 1.4%) and 4.66 times higher risk of periodontal disease (5.5% vs 0.6%).
- Increased likelihood of apical periodontitis (RR=3.53) and root remnants (RR=1.43) observed in diabetic patients.
- Statistically significant correlations (p=0.001) were found between diabetes and these oral pathologies.
Conclusions:
- A strong correlation exists between diabetes mellitus and several oro-maxillofacial pathologies, notably malignancies and periodontal disease.
- The findings highlight the critical need for early screening and preventive strategies for oral health in diabetic populations.
- Targeted management approaches are recommended for diabetic patients to mitigate associated oro-maxillofacial risks.
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