Pancreatic Stone Protein as a Versatile Biomarker: Current Evidence and Clinical Applications

Area of Science:

• Biomarker Discovery and Validation
• Clinical Diagnostics
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Robust biomarkers are crucial for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
• Pancreatic stone protein (PSP) is an emerging candidate biomarker with significant potential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the clinical applications of PSP in infectious, oncological, metabolic, and surgical conditions.
• To provide an updated overview of PSP's utility as a biomarker.

Main Methods:

• Structured literature search using PubMed.
• Application of the SANRA framework for narrative review.
• Boolean operators used to identify studies on PSP in various clinical contexts.

Main Results:

• PSP demonstrates strong diagnostic and prognostic value in sepsis, potentially outperforming CRP and PCT.
• PSP is relevant in gastrointestinal cancers, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and perioperative infections.
• PSP levels rise earlier than other inflammatory markers and are less affected by sterile inflammation.

Conclusions:

• PSP is a versatile and clinically valuable biomarker.
• Integration of PSP into diagnostic protocols can improve early detection and risk stratification in critical care and oncology.
• Limited availability of point-of-care assay platforms currently hinders widespread adoption.