Scrofuloderma, an Old Acquaintance: A Case Report and Literature Review

Scrofuloderma, a cutaneous manifestation of tuberculosis, is a rare but clinically significant form of mycobacterial infection. It typically results from the local spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from an infected lymph node or bone area to the overlying skin. This disease is mainly characterized by chronic granulomatous inflammation, leading to skin ulcers and abscesses. Due to its nonspecific clinical presentation, scrofuloderma can mimic various dermatological conditions, making its diagnosis particularly challenging. This case report presents the clinical course of a patient who was positive for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) with a diagnosis of scrofuloderma, managed at a tertiary healthcare center, with follow-up before and after treatment. A literature review was also made, highlighting the importance of maintaining a high index of clinical suspicion and utilizing appropriate diagnostic methods to ensure timely diagnosis.