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Perinatal Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Cardiovascular Comorbidities: National and State-Level Results of a Novel

Sakshi Sehgal1, Elinita Pollard2,3, Toscha Charles4,5

  • 1Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th St, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|August 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Socioeconomic disadvantage increases the risk of perinatal cardiovascular disease (CVD). Addressing area deprivation index disparities is crucial for improving maternal health outcomes and preventing preventable deaths.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Obstetrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Perinatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of pregnancy-related mortality.
  • A significant proportion of these deaths are preventable with specialized cardio-obstetric care.
  • Socioeconomic factors may play a critical role in the risk of developing perinatal CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between socioeconomic disadvantage, using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and the risk of perinatal CVD.
  • To determine if higher ADI rankings correlate with increased incidence of specific cardiovascular conditions during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study of 388 patients at a cardio-obstetrics program (June 2022 - May 2024).
  • Area Deprivation Index (ADI) national and state rankings were used as the primary exposure.
  • Perinatal CVD diagnosis was the primary outcome, with preeclampsia, hypertension, and peripartum cardiomyopathy as secondary outcomes.
  • Multivariable logistic regression models analyzed the association between ADI and perinatal CVD.

Main Results:

  • National ADI ranking showed a statistically significant association with increased odds of preeclampsia (OR: 2.56) and hypertension (OR: 2.37).
  • Socioeconomic disadvantage, indicated by ADI, was linked to a higher risk of various perinatal CVD diagnoses.
  • The study identified a significant correlation between area deprivation and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in pregnancy.

Conclusions:

  • Socioeconomic disadvantage is a significant risk factor for perinatal cardiovascular disease.
  • Targeting interventions for socioeconomically disadvantaged populations can mitigate risks of preeclampsia, hypertension, and peripartum cardiomyopathy.
  • Improving cardio-obstetric care access for vulnerable populations is essential for reducing maternal mortality.

Keywords:
area deprivation indexcardiovascular riskpregnancysocial determinants of healthsocioeconomic disadvantage

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