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Genetic Manipulation of the Plant Pathogen Ustilago maydis to Study Fungal Biology and Plant Microbe Interactions

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The Novel Disease Vicia unijuga Caused by Colletotrichum tofieldiae in China: Implications for Host Growth,

Tong-Tong Wang¹, Hang Li¹, Yan-Zhong Li¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 27, 2025

Summary

A new fungal pathogen, Colletotrichum tofieldiae, caused anthracnose in Vicia unijuga, a vital forage legume. This disease significantly reduced plant growth, photosynthesis, and nutritional quality, impacting agricultural productivity.

Keywords:

anthracnose growth indicators host range perennial vetch photosynthesis

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Area of Science:

Plant Pathology
Mycology
Agricultural Science

Background:

Vicia unijuga is a crucial forage legume on China's Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
Anthracnose disease was observed on Vicia unijuga stems, characterized by dark-brown sunken lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the causal agent of anthracnose in Vicia unijuga.
To confirm the pathogenicity of the isolated fungus.
To assess the impact of the disease on Vicia unijuga and its potential host range.

Main Methods:

Fungal isolation from diseased Vicia unijuga tissues.
Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis (ITS-ACT-Tub2-CHS-1-GADPH-HIS3) for fungal identification.
Koch's postulates for pathogenicity confirmation.
Evaluation of plant growth, photosynthetic indices, and nutritional quality.
In vitro growth studies on various media and nutrient sources.

Main Results:

The isolated fungus was identified as Colletotrichum tofieldiae.
Pathogenicity was confirmed, leading to significant reductions in plant height, root length, biomass, photosynthetic rates, and nutritional content.
Colletotrichum tofieldiae demonstrated infectivity on six additional legume species.
Optimal in vitro growth was observed on oatmeal agar and cornmeal agar, with D-sucrose and D-peptone as preferred carbon and nitrogen sources.

Conclusions:

This study reports for the first time Colletotrichum tofieldiae causing anthracnose in Vicia unijuga.
The findings expand the knowledge of legume anthracnose pathogens and their impact on forage crops.
Understanding the pathogen's growth requirements can aid in developing future management strategies.