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Electrolyte abnormalities induced by hypertonic phosphate enemas in two cats.

L S Jorgensen, S A Center, J F Randolph

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
    |December 15, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hypertonic phosphate enemas caused severe electrolyte imbalances, including hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia, in two cats with chronic constipation. Prompt fluid and electrolyte therapy reversed these dangerous effects, highlighting the risks of these enemas in certain feline patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Toxicology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Hypertonic phosphate enemas are sometimes used to treat constipation in animals.
    • Their safety profile in small animals, particularly those with pre-existing conditions, requires careful consideration.

    Observation:

    • Two cats with chronic constipation developed severe electrolyte disturbances after receiving hypertonic phosphate enemas.
    • Clinical signs included hyperphosphatemia, hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, weakness, anxiety, tachycardia, hypothermia, and dehydration.

    Findings:

    • Both cats experienced life-threatening electrolyte derangements.
    • Intravenous fluid and electrolyte therapy resulted in rapid and significant clinical improvement.

    Implications:

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    • Hypertonic phosphate enemas pose a significant risk of severe toxicity in small animals.
    • These enemas should be avoided in cats that are dehydrated, severely constipated, or have renal or colonic disease.