Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.1K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
4.1K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.7K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.7K
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

228
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
228
Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test01:00

Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test

6.4K
When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...
6.4K
Factorial Design02:01

Factorial Design

13.3K
Factorial Analysis is an experimental design that applies Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical procedures to examine a change in a dependent variable due to more than one independent variable, also known as factors. Changes in worker productivity can be reasoned, for example, to be influenced by salary and other conditions, such as skill level. One way to test this hypothesis is by categorizing salary into three levels (low, moderate, and high) and skills sets into two levels (entry level...
13.3K
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

6.9K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bidirectional Influences Between Psychophysiological State and Performance in Olympic Shooting: The Role of Attention and Autonomic Function.

Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports·2026
Same author

Developmental Differences in Gaze Behaviors and Performance During Basketball Free Throws in Youth Athletes.

Sports (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Vertical Jump and Isometric Strength in Professional Female Basketball Players: Starter vs. Non-Starter Comparison.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Stronger Legs Means Higher Jumps? Exploring the Role of Maximal Isometric Strength on Vertical Jump Performance in Competitive Female Handball and Basketball Players.

International journal of sports physiology and performance·2026
Same author

Assessing the Acute Effects of Accentuated Eccentric Contrast Training on Vertical Jump Using Wireless Dual Force Plates in Young Basketball Players.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Epidemiology of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Top 5 European Football (Soccer) Leagues.

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Denver Papillae Protocol for Objective Analysis of Fungiform Papillae
10:50

Denver Papillae Protocol for Objective Analysis of Fungiform Papillae

Published on: June 8, 2015

14.4K

Analysis of Basketball Referee Decision-Making Using the DMQ-II Questionnaire.

Raúl Nieto-Acevedo1, Carlos García-Sánchez2, Moisés Marquina Nieto2

  • 1Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.

Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzed basketball referee decision-making, finding age and gender impact stress. It proposes integrating psychological strategies into referee training to support mental well-being.

Keywords:
decision-making fatiguemental trainingofficials’ healthpsychological stresssports integrity

More Related Videos

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
12:55

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

8.5K
Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios
06:02

Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios

Published on: October 6, 2020

2.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Denver Papillae Protocol for Objective Analysis of Fungiform Papillae
10:50

Denver Papillae Protocol for Objective Analysis of Fungiform Papillae

Published on: June 8, 2015

14.4K
Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
12:55

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

8.5K
Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios
06:02

Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios

Published on: October 6, 2020

2.4K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Refereeing in sports like basketball demands complex, rapid decisions.
  • While sports judgment research exists, psycho-emotional factors influencing referee decision-making are under-explored.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for improving officiating and referee welfare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the decision-making processes of basketball referees.
  • To investigate the influence of psycho-emotional factors, specifically stress, on referee decisions.
  • To identify demographic differences (age, gender) in stress related to decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Decision-Making Questionnaire II (DMQ II) to assess referee decision-making.
  • Surveyed 58 referees from the Spanish Basketball Federation (45 male, 13 female, aged 18-38).
  • Administered the 31-question DMQ II online to collect data on decision-making and stress.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in stress during decision-making were found based on referee age.
  • Significant differences in stress during decision-making were also identified based on referee gender.
  • The study provides empirical data on the psychological aspects of basketball officiating.

Conclusions:

  • A modification in referee teaching methodology is recommended, incorporating psychological strategies.
  • Enhanced mental health support systems are needed for referees, focusing on stress management.
  • Special attention should be given to supporting young and female referees in managing decision-making stress.