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Related Concept Videos

Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

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When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
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Fungal Phylum Basidiomycota01:26

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Basidiomycota is a diverse phylum of fungi that includes ecologically significant decomposers such as white rot fungi, symbionts like mycorrhizal fungi, plant pathogens such as rusts and smuts, and edible species like Agaricus bisporus (the common button mushroom). These fungi play crucial roles in nutrient cycling, symbiotic relationships, and even human health. Their defining feature is the basidium, a microscopic club-shaped structure responsible for producing basidiospores.Fruiting Bodies...
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Types of Toxins01:36

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Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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Mycotoxin-Caused Intestinal Toxicity: Underlying Molecular Mechanisms and Further Directions.

Tian Li1,2, Weidong Qiao1,2, Jiehong Zhou1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues and Illegal Additives of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

Toxics
|August 27, 2025
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Mycotoxins in food and feed harm gut health by damaging the intestinal lining and immune system. This review details their molecular effects, offering insights for prevention strategies.

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intestinal healthmicro-RNAmycotoxintoxicity mechanisms

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mycotoxins are toxic fungal metabolites commonly found in food and feed.
  • They pose significant risks to human and animal health, exhibiting carcinogenic, mutagenic, and immunosuppressive properties.
  • Major contaminants include deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins, aflatoxin B1, and T-2/HT-2 toxins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the detrimental effects of major mycotoxins on intestinal health in humans and animals.
  • To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for mycotoxin-induced gut damage.
  • To provide a foundation for developing strategies to control mycotoxin-related intestinal issues.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on mycotoxin effects on the gut.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms including inflammation, barrier disruption, oxidative stress, and microbiota imbalance.
  • Identification of key signaling pathways and micro-RNA involvement.

Main Results:

  • Mycotoxin exposure disrupts gut health by damaging the intestinal epithelium.
  • Key molecular mechanisms involve inflammatory and immune responses, intestinal barrier dysfunction, oxidative stress, and microbiota dysbiosis.
  • Numerous signaling pathways (e.g., MAPK, NF-kB, NLRP3) and micro-RNA dysregulation are implicated in these effects.

Conclusions:

  • Mycotoxins significantly impair intestinal health through complex molecular pathways.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective prevention and control strategies.
  • This review offers new perspectives for managing mycotoxin contamination and protecting gut health.