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Radiomic analysis of postmortem lung changes: a PMCT-based approach for estimating the postmortem interval.

Fabio De-Giorgio1,2, Michele Guerreri3, Luca Boldrini3,4

  • 1Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. fabio.degiorgio@unicatt.it.

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Summary

Radiomic features from postmortem CT scans can help estimate the postmortem interval (PMI). Specific lung radiomic features show significant changes over time, offering a new quantitative method for forensic investigations.

Keywords:
AutopsyComputed tomographyLungPostmortem changesPostmortem intervalRadiomics

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Pathology

Background:

  • Estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) is critical in forensic medicine.
  • Traditional methods for PMI estimation have limitations.
  • Quantitative imaging techniques offer potential for improved accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of radiomic features from postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) scans of the lungs for PMI estimation.
  • To identify specific radiomic features that correlate with postmortem changes in the lungs.
  • To evaluate the potential of radiomics as a complementary tool in forensic investigations.

Main Methods:

  • Sequential PMCT scans were acquired from 17 bodies with known postmortem intervals (4-108 hours).
  • Radiomic features were extracted from lung tissues.
  • A mixed-effects model was used to analyze the relationship between radiomic features and PMI, testing four model variants.

Main Results:

  • Twelve distinct radiomic features showed statistically significant trends with the postmortem interval.
  • Features such as cluster shade (GLCM) decreased, median intensity increased, and root mean squared features decreased over time.
  • The identified features included first-order statistics, shape, and second-order texture attributes, reflecting lung alterations like gas formation.

Conclusions:

  • PMCT-based radiomics shows promise as a complementary tool for postmortem interval estimation.
  • Quantitative imaging analysis can enhance the accuracy of forensic investigations.
  • Radiomic features provide objective data reflecting postmortem changes in the lungs.