Osteogenic Potential of Osteolforte: Gene and Protein-Level Evaluation in Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells

Osteolforte, a compound with potential bone-regenerative properties, was investigated for its effects on human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs). This study aimed to evaluate its impact on cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, and both gene and protein expression using a combination of assays, including CCK-8, Alizarin Red S staining, Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that Osteolforte significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs. Alizarin Red S staining revealed increased mineralization, indicating elevated calcium deposition. Gene expression analysis showed an upregulation of key osteogenic markers, including runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX-2), collagen type I (COL-1), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), supporting the role of Osteolforte in promoting osteoblastic activity. In particular, the elevated expression of RUNX-2-a master transcription factor in osteoblast differentiation along with COL-1, a major bone matrix component, and BMP-2, a key bone morphogenetic protein-highlights the compound's osteogenic potential. In conclusion, Osteolforte enhances early-stage osteogenesis and mineralization in hBMSCs and represents a promising candidate for bone regeneration.