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Related Concept Videos

Ethical Issues01:27

Ethical Issues

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Standards of Care II01:19

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Ethics and Bioethics01:22

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Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
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Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
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Expressivist concerns for assisted dying on request.

Jonathon VandenHombergh1

  • 1Bioethics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA jonathon.vandenhombergh@nih.gov.

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The expressivist objection to euthanasia and assisted suicide (EAS) persists even with less stringent laws. Requiring only a voluntary request, not irremediable suffering, still implies certain people are reasonably considered better off dead.

Keywords:
Decision MakingEthics- MedicalEuthanasiaPersonal Autonomy

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Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Medical Law
  • Philosophy of Law

Background:

  • The expressivist objection critiques euthanasia and assisted suicide (EAS) laws, asserting they devalue certain populations by suggesting they are better off dead.
  • A recent argument suggests that EAS laws requiring only informed, competent, and voluntary requests might circumvent this objection by removing the criterion of irremediable suffering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the claim that less demanding EAS laws (solely requiring a voluntary request) avoid the expressivist objection.
  • To demonstrate that the expressivist objection remains relevant even when irremediable suffering is not a prerequisite for EAS.

Main Methods:

  • Philosophical argumentation, analyzing the logical structure of the expressivist objection.
  • Examining the implications of autonomy-centered ethical frameworks in the context of EAS legislation.
  • Developing a parallel argument to the original expressivist objection to apply to modified EAS criteria.

Main Results:

  • The study argues that EAS laws with only a voluntary request requirement still express a disrespectful judgment, implying it is reasonable to believe certain individuals are better off dead.
  • This conclusion holds even when irremediable suffering is not a condition for EAS.
  • Challenges to this argument often rely on a narrow view of autonomy that downplays the significance of reasonable motivations.

Conclusions:

  • Appealing to less demanding EAS laws, such as those solely based on voluntary requests, does not inherently resolve the expressivist objection.
  • The debate is complicated by differing conceptions of autonomy and the role of motivations in end-of-life decisions.
  • Further examination of autonomy and motivation is needed to fully address the expressivist concerns regarding EAS legislation.