Localized Stage Plasmablastic Lymphoma with Ulcerative Colitis in Long-term Remission after Chemoradiotherapy

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Gastroenterology
• Hematology

Background:

• Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma, often associated with HIV.
• PBL occurring in the context of ulcerative colitis (UC) is exceptionally rare.
• Long-term treatments for UC, such as mesalazine and budesonide, are being investigated for potential associations with secondary malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report an extremely rare case of colonic Plasmablastic Lymphoma (PBL) in an HIV-negative patient with ulcerative colitis (UC).
• To discuss the treatment and long-term outcome of this rare condition.
• To evaluate the potential efficacy of chemoradiotherapy for localized PBL in UC patients.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 63-year-old HIV-negative woman with a history of UC.
• Diagnosis of colonic PBL after long-term mesalazine and budesonide therapy.
• Treatment with chemotherapy and abdominal radiotherapy.

Main Results:

• The patient achieved complete remission of colonic PBL.
• No recurrence was observed for over three years post-treatment.
• This case represents the fourth reported instance of UC-associated PBL and shows the longest survival to date.

Conclusions:

• PBL can occur in HIV-negative patients with UC, even after treatment with mesalazine and budesonide.
• Chemoradiotherapy appears to be an effective treatment modality for localized PBL.
• This case contributes valuable data on the long-term survival and management of this rare oncological complication in UC.