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Simulation and verification of Micro-LED multi-physics field coupling based on augmented reality head-up display.

Qi Zhu¹, Chenjie Tang¹, Yan Zhang¹

¹School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 201899, China.

Scientific Reports

|August 27, 2025

Summary

This study optimizes blue-green light micro light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs) for augmented reality heads-up displays (AR-HUDs) using graphene for improved thermal management and efficiency. Optimized thermal solutions reduce high junction temperatures, enhancing device performance and reliability.

Keywords:

Graphene film Junction temperature Micro-LED Multiphysics Solar radiation

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Area of Science:

Optoelectronics
Materials Science
Thermal Management

Background:

Augmented Reality Heads-up Displays (AR-HUDs) require efficient micro light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs).
High junction temperatures negatively impact Micro-LED performance and reliability.
Effective thermal management is crucial for advanced display technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and optimize a blue-green Micro-LED for AR-HUD applications.
To investigate the thermal management strategies for Micro-LEDs using graphene films and heat sinks.
To analyze the impact of graphene film thickness and operating conditions on heat dissipation and device performance.

Main Methods:

COMSOL software was used for Micro-LED design and multi-physical field simulation.
Photo-thermal properties were coupled with thermal management simulations.
Graphene film thickness and heat sink integration were optimized for heat dissipation.
The effect of source power input and contact area ratio on thermal performance was analyzed.
Reverse solar scattering effects were calculated based on solar energy density.

Main Results:

Optimized thermal management using graphene film and heat sinks significantly improved heat dissipation.
Graphene film thickness was found to influence heat dissipation performance.
Increased power input and decreased contact area ratio led to more pronounced thermal performance changes.
Solar radiation was shown to dramatically increase Micro-LED surface radiation, indicating a potential sunlight backflow issue.

Conclusions:

The developed thermal management scheme effectively reduces junction temperature, improving Micro-LED photoelectric conversion efficiency.
The study provides a basis for addressing sunlight backflow issues in Micro-LED modules.
Optimized Micro-LEDs with enhanced thermal management are suitable for AR-HUD applications.