The workplace expectations and preferences of Gen Z nurses: exploratory factor analysis

Area of Science:

• Nursing Workforce Dynamics
• Generational Studies in Healthcare
• Organizational Psychology

Background:

• Generation Z (Gen Z) represents a growing segment of the nursing workforce.
• Potential misalignment exists between Gen Z nurses' workplace expectations and current healthcare environments.
• Understanding Gen Z nurses' needs is crucial for healthcare system engagement and retention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the specific workplace expectations and preferences of Generation Z (Gen Z) nurses.
• To identify factors influencing professional priorities among Gen Z nurses.
• To provide data-driven insights for improving the work environment for this demographic.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional survey design was utilized.
• Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed on a 45-item scale to determine the underlying structure of workplace expectations.
• The survey instrument incorporated items from the Work Value and Attitude Scale and the Healthcare Career Choice Scale.

Main Results:

• EFA identified six key factors: supportive/growth-oriented workplace, collaboration/teamwork, bureaucratic resistance/tech critique, age-based disrespect, logistical convenience/job perks, and professional identity/career growth.
• These six factors explained 62.21% of the variance in workplace expectations.
• The overall instrument demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.83), with subscale alphas ranging from 0.72 to 0.91.

Conclusions:

• The study highlights the complex needs of Gen Z nurses, encompassing environmental support, professional development, and challenges related to workplace dynamics.
• Findings can inform healthcare policymakers to enhance job satisfaction and professional growth opportunities for Gen Z nurses.
• Addressing identified factors is essential for effective engagement and retention of the future nursing workforce.