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Predicting State Anxiety Level Change Using EEG Parameters: A Pilot Study in Two Museum Settings.

Maria Elide Vanutelli1, Annalisa Banzi2, Maria Cicirello1,2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.

Brain Sciences
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

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Museum visits boost mood and reduce anxiety by engaging emotional and cognitive systems. Brain activity markers can predict individual responses to these well-being interventions in cultural settings.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Psychology
  • Cultural Studies and Well-being

Background:

  • Museums are recognized for enhancing psychological well-being, with prior research indicating stress and anxiety reduction.
  • A need exists for neurophysiological evidence supporting museum-based well-being interventions.
  • Individual neural predictors of responsiveness to aesthetic experiences remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurophysiological underpinnings of psychological well-being changes during museum visits.
  • To identify neural markers predicting individual responses to museum-based interventions.
  • To explore the role of aesthetic experiences in emotional and cognitive regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Study conducted in two Milan museums, involving initial profiling and pre/post-visit assessments of anxiety and mood.
Keywords:
BCIanxietymuseumstresstheta-beta ratiowell-being

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  • Electrocortical activity recorded using a portable brain-computer interface (BCI).
  • Theta/beta ratio (TBR) analyzed as a marker of cortical-subcortical integration.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant mood improvement (p < 0.001) and state anxiety reduction (p < 0.001) observed post-museum visit.
    • Baseline theta/beta ratio (TBR) predicted the extent of state anxiety reduction.
    • Trait anxiety and perceived stress levels also influenced the magnitude of anxiety change.

    Conclusions:

    • Museum aesthetic experiences engage both emotional and cognitive systems, impacting psychological well-being.
    • Resting-state neurophysiological markers, like TBR, can forecast individual responsiveness to well-being interventions.
    • Findings support personalized museum interventions for mental health promotion and cultural engagement.