Exploring Dietary and Lifestyle Profiles in Colorectal Cancer Patients: Hypothesis-Generating Insights for Tertiary...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, particularly affecting the elderly. Tertiary prevention-focused on nutrition and lifestyle-may play an important role in improving treatment outcomes and quality of life. This exploratory study aimed to describe dietary and lifestyle behaviors among CRC patients, considering age, body mass index (BMI), and educational background as potential differentiating factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 CRC patients using a validated paper-based questionnaire. Sociodemographic data and health behaviors were analyzed using chi-square tests. Results: Age-related differences revealed that middle-aged patients consumed vegetables and legumes more frequently but also reported higher fast-food intake. Elderly individuals more often abstained from alcohol and tobacco. Overweight and obese participants were more likely to consume meat and sweets regularly and preferred frying over other cooking methods. Higher education was associated with lower rates of smoking and alcohol use. Conclusions: The findings suggest that dietary and lifestyle profiles among CRC patients may vary by age, BMI, and education. While causal relationships cannot be established, the results may help generate hypotheses for future research and support the development of individualized tertiary prevention strategies.